There is / There are

There is / There are (有~)

基本句型：There  is   + 單數名詞 /不可數名詞

                 are  + 複數名詞

            C    V       S         

eg. There is a boy in the room. There is a lot of rain. There are many people in the park.

中文：   （在   地方）有              *be動詞的單複數由主詞S決定。

肯定句：There is a book in the desk.

否定句：There is not a book in the desk.

疑問句：Is there a book in the desk?  Yes, there is.  (No, there isn’t.)

                            用there問，用there回答

縮寫：  （O）there’s   /（X）there’re

注意：

*名詞不特定，只能有數量，不能有定冠詞the / 所有格 / 指示形容詞this ….

*not副詞不直接修飾名詞，所以後面加a, one, two…再接名詞(不可用the)

*no是形容詞，後面可直接加名詞（單數 複數 不可數名詞）

There is not a table in the room.     = There isn’t any +單數或不可數名詞

There are not two girls in the room.  =There aren’t any + 複數可數名詞

O There is no book on the desk.     /      XThere is not book on the desk.

O There are no books on the desk.  /       XThere are not books on the desk.

O There are not two books on it.   /        XThere are no two books on it.

注意句型：

1What is there in the box?  There is a rabbit./ There are two rabbits.

  注意  用there問，用there答

  不管答案是單 複數，題目皆用單數問，因為what是主詞。（問時，不知單複數）

  同Who is singing in the room?  Tom is.  / Tom and Tony are.

How many people are there in your family?

How many seasons are there in a year?

2可接上地方副詞及時間副詞

There are many tests every day in junior high.

There is an apple on the table in the kitchen.

There is a lot of rain in Taiwan in summer.

3倒裝句句型 ： 地方副詞 + is / are + 名詞     (注意沒有have)

              

       去掉   There  is/are  + 名詞 +地方副詞

There is a tree behind the house.

  Behind the tree  is   a tree.   be動詞的單複數由主詞S決定。

    C             V    S

  There are three birds in the tree.

  In the tree are three birds.

In the kitchen are two boys washing the dishes.

4名詞之後接上分詞當作補語

句型：There is / are 名詞 + Ving + 地方副詞

There   be   S   + Ving

 There are five boys playing in the park. 用現在分詞

Are there two pictures on the wall? Yes, there are two.   No, there are three.

There was a boy taken to the hospital.(有個男孩被送去醫院。)

       男孩被送去，故用過去分詞，taken之前不得有be動詞

There are many parents worrying about their children’s future.

There will be one thousand students joining the activity.

there is

基本句型：There  is   + 單數名詞 /不可數名詞

                 are  + 複數名詞

            C    V       S         

中文：   （在   地方）有              *be動詞的單複數由主詞S決定。

肯定句：There is a book in the desk.

否定句：There is not a book in the desk.

疑問句：Is there a book in the desk?  Yes, there is.  (No, there isn’t.)

                            用there問，用there回答

縮寫：  （O）there’s                      （X）there’re

注意：

*not副詞不直接修飾名詞，所以後面加a, one, two…再接名詞(不可用the)

*no是形容詞，後面可直接加名詞（單數 複數 不可數名詞）

There is not a table in the room.

There are not two girls in the room.

There is no book on the desk.           X There is not book on the desk.

There are no books on the desk.       X There are not books on the desk.

There are not two books on it.          X There are no two books on it.

注意句型：

1 What is there in the box?  There is a rabbit.

                           There are two rabbits.

  注意  用there問，用there答

  不管答案是單 複數，題目皆用單數問，因為what是主詞。（問時，不知單複數）

  同Who is singing in the room?  Tom is.  / Tom and Tony are.

2 倒裝句

  There is a tree behind the house.

  Behind the tree  is   a tree.   be動詞的單複數由主詞S決定。

     C             V    S

  There are three birds in the tree.

  In the tree are three birds.

3 There be S + Ving

 There are five boys playing in the park.

Are there two pictures on the wall?

         Yes, there are two.   No, there are three.